In women with trauma histories, obstetric procedures through the perinatal period tend to be experienced as particularly invasive, often triggering hyperarousal and symptoms of post-traumatic stress such as fear, shame, or anger. Triggers in obstetric care are not limited to intrusive contact; power dynamics and lack of control can be activating for a trauma survivor. These reactions can contribute to sustained high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, which are associated with negative outcomes for pregnant women and their babies. A novel avenue for improving outcomes for women with trauma histories and their children is to develop models of obstetric care that are attuned to the unique needs of women with trauma histories. 

Trauma-informed care responds to the high prevalence and sequelae of trauma by acknowledging the impact that traumatic events have on patients’ lives and health and actively resisting retraumatizing patients. Recognizing the importance of trauma-informed care for patients, in 2021, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommended implementing a trauma-sensitive approach in all obstetric/gynecologic healthcare visits.

Despite the ACOG’s recommendations that all healthcare should be trauma informed, there is no consensus on how principles of trauma-informed care should be incorporated into the obstetric setting, and there is no evidence of the effects of trauma-informed obstetric care on maternal and child health.